{"id":65567,"date":"2024-03-27T09:24:52","date_gmt":"2024-03-27T07:24:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/?p=65567"},"modified":"2024-05-07T12:51:38","modified_gmt":"2024-05-07T10:51:38","slug":"10-jinen-ku-muhra-xwe-li-diroka-felsefeye-xistine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/?p=65567","title":{"rendered":"10 Jin\u00ean ku Muhra Xwe li d\u00eeroka Felsefey\u00ea Xistine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>L\u00eeloz His\u00ean\/ Qami\u015flo<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Jin jiyane, jiyan j\u00ea destp\u00ea dike \u00fb gelek nif\u015f p\u00ea\u015fdikevin. Di serdem\u00ean c\u00fbda de \u00fb heta niha j\u00ee,\u00a0 jin ji bo ku xwe p\u00ea\u015f bixe rast\u00ee gelek tund\u00ee \u00fb zehmetiyan ji aliy\u00ea malbat \u00fb desthiladariy\u00ea ve hatiye, l\u00ea tev\u00ee w\u00ea j\u00ee jin kar\u00eeb\u00fbn heta asteke ba\u015f bigh\u00eajin armanc\u00ean xwe \u00fb bibin jin\u00ean navdar di \u00a0serdem\u00ean xwe de. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Destp\u00eak\u00ea y\u00ea ku li felsefey\u00ea bin\u00eare dib\u00eaje ten\u00ea felsefe qada m\u00earan ne, l\u00ea dema em d\u00eerok\u00ea bixw\u00eenin gelek jin di v\u00ee war\u00ee derketin p\u00ea\u015f \u00fb nav\u00ea xwe di d\u00eeroka felsefeya jin de tesp\u00eetkirin.<\/p>\n<p>Hin jin\u00ean ku di qada felsefey\u00ea de mohra xwe li d\u00eerok\u00ea dane \u00fb bandoreke mezin li civaka xwe kirin nav\u00ean wan wiha ne:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tullia d&#8217;Aragona <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Helbestvan, niv\u00eeskar \u00fb f\u00eelosofa \u00cetal\u00ee ye. Tullia di navbera 1501 \u00fb 1505\u2019an de li Romay\u00ea ji dayik b\u00fb, yek ji ba\u015ftir\u00een niv\u00eeskar, helbestvan, f\u00eelozof \u00fb kesayetiy\u00ean balk\u00ea\u015f \u00ean de ma xwe b\u00fb. Bi xebat\u00ean xwe Tullia bandor li gelek f\u00eelozof\u00ean m\u00ear \u00ean her\u00ee navdar kir \u00fb stat\u00fbya jin\u00ea di war\u00ea w\u00eaje de bi m\u00earan re wekhev bilind kir. Nav\u00fbdeng\u00ee \u00fb serkeftina w\u00ea ew kir yek ji helbestvan\u00ean her\u00ee navdar dema Ronesans\u00ea de.<\/p>\n<p>Di sal\u00ean 1552, 1694, 1864, 1912, 1974, 1975 \u00fb 1980\u2019y\u00ee de we\u015fan\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean bi ziman\u00ea \u00cetal\u00ee heb\u00fbn. Xebata w\u00ea di r\u00eazeniv\u00eesa &#8220;Deng\u00ea Din li Ewropaya N\u00fbjen&#8221; a Zan\u00eengeha Chicagoy\u00ea de hatiye n\u00eeqa\u015fkirin, ku li ser metn\u00ean Ronesans\u00ea \u00fb hem j\u00ee m\u00ear\u00ean ku banga rizgarkirina jin\u00ea di w\u00ea dem\u00ea de dikirin l\u00eakol\u00een dike.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Patricia Smith Churchland<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Di sala16\u2019\u00ea Tebaxa 1943\u2019an ji dayik b\u00fbye, f\u00eelozofeke l\u00eakol\u00eenere ji esleke Kend\u00ee-Emer\u00eek\u00ee ye. Bi al\u00eekariy\u00ean w\u00ea di felsefeya zanista damaran \u00fb felsefeya aqil navdar b\u00fb. F\u00eelozofek \u00fb seroka be\u015fa felsefe ya zan\u00eengeha California San Diego ku ji 1984-an vir ve ders dida. Herweha weke mamoseteyek al\u00eekar li peyamangeha Salk a L\u00ealol\u00eena Biyoloj\u00eek kar kiriye.<\/p>\n<p>Endama Lijneya R\u00eavebir a Navenda Moskow\u00ea ji bo L\u00eakol\u00eena Hi\u015fmendiy\u00ea di Be\u015fa Felsefey\u00ea de li Zan\u00eengeha Moskow\u00ea ya Hik\u00fbmet\u00ea. Di sala 2015\u2019an de, ew wek\u00ee endamek r\u00eaveber a Akademiya Huner \u00fb Zanist\u00ean Amer\u00eek\u00ee hate hilbijartin. W\u00ea li zan\u00eengeha Br\u00eetaniya Columbia, Zan\u00eengeha Pittsburgh, \u00fb Zan\u00eengeha Oxford\u00ea ders da \u00fb li Zan\u00eengeha Manitoba ji sala 1969 heta 1984 ders\u00ean felsefey\u00ea da.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hypatia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bi nav\u00ea (Hippachia) j\u00ee t\u00ea naskirin, li \u00ceskenderiy\u00ea sala (370 b.z) ji dayik b\u00fbye, ew ke\u00e7a matemat\u00eekzan \u00fb seyday\u00ea (Theon) e. Hypatia ji destp\u00eaka ciwantiya xwe de bi raman\u00ean Ar\u00eesto, Aflaton \u00fb y\u00ean din \u00ean ku di w\u00ea serdem\u00ea de fikr\u00ean wan serdest b\u00fbn hat perwerdekirin. Ew yekem\u00een jina di d\u00eerok\u00ea de nav\u00ea w\u00ea weke matmat\u00eekzan \u00e7irs\u00ee, herwiha di h\u00eenkirina Felsefey\u00ea \u00fb astronomiy\u00ea de. Pi\u015ft\u00ee ku temen\u00ea w\u00ea gih\u00ee\u015ft b\u00eest sal\u00ee, li Muzexane \u00fb Pirt\u00fbkxaneya \u00ceskenderiyey\u00ea wek profesor hat tay\u00eenkirin. Di demek\u00ea de ku \u00cemparatoriya Xir\u00eestiyan di d\u00eerok\u00ea de dest p\u00ea dikir, l\u00ea ew li ser ola Y\u00fbnan\u00ea ma. Ew di serdema xwe ya \u2019\u2019 Bavikslar\u00ee \u2019\u2019 de sembola \u00e7and \u00fb f\u00eelozofa jin\u00ea tems\u00eel dike<\/p>\n<p>Hypatia di jiyana xwe de s\u00ea pirt\u00fbk\u00ean gir\u00eeng \u00ean t\u00eakildar\u00ee matemat\u00eek \u00fb astronomiy\u00ea niv\u00eesand herwiha xebat\u00ean Ptolemeus di matemat\u00eek\u00ea de rave kir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(<\/strong><strong>Hannah Arendt<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hannah Arendt li Elmaniyay\u00ea bajar\u00ea Linden ji dayik b\u00fbye 14`\u00ea meha Kew\u00e7\u00ear\u00ea sala 1906. Ew\u00a0\u00a0 teor\u00eesyeneke siyas\u00ee \u00fb l\u00eakol\u00eenereke cih\u00fb ya bi esl\u00ea xwe alman b\u00fb. Li zan\u00eengeha Marburg\u00ea be\u015fa felsefey\u00ea xwend.<\/p>\n<p>Arendt ji wan kes\u00ean ku li ser total\u00eetar\u00eezm, otor\u00eeter\u00eezm \u00fb rola \u00eedeolojiy\u00ea di veguherandina mirov\u00ean asay\u00ee de ji bo alav \u00fb xerabkaran niv\u00eesandiye ya her\u00ee gir\u00eeng t\u00ea d\u00eetin. Herwiha d\u00eeroka siyaset\u00ea bi felsef\u00ee xwendiye \u00fb li ser tundiy\u00ea \u00fb t\u00eakiliya w\u00ea ya bi desthilatdariy\u00ea re j\u00ee l\u00eakol\u00een kiriye.<\/p>\n<p>Arendt gelek pirt\u00fbk\u00ean giring niv\u00eesandiye, ji y\u00ean her\u00ee girin ( Bingeh\u00ean Total\u00eetar\u00eezm\u00ea) \u00fb pirt\u00fbka (li ser siyaset\u00ea) ber\u00ee wefata w\u00ea sala 1975.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Martha Craven Nussbaum<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sala 1947`an de li Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ji dayik b\u00fbye,\u00a0 profesora felsefeya Y\u00fbnan\u00ea \u00fb Roma ya kevnar e, herwiha felsefeya siyas\u00ee ya fem\u00een\u00eest \u00fb et\u00eek e. Ew bi salan di zan\u00eengeh\u00ean navdar \u00ean Amer\u00eek\u00ee de wek\u00ee profesor xebit\u00ee.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Theano<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sedsala 6`an b.z; hevj\u00eena Pythagoras e, tevl\u00ee dibistana felsef\u00ee ya Pythagoras b\u00fb, w\u00ea bi heval\u00ean xwe re felsefe xwendiye ber\u00ee ku bibe hevj\u00eena mamoste Pythagoras , pa\u015f\u00ea b\u00fb mamoste li dibistan\u00ea, r\u00eaveberiya dibistana Pythagoras kir. Ji bo felsefeya Pythagorean z\u00eadetir l\u00eakol\u00een kir da ku b\u00ea belavkirin. di pirt\u00fbk\u00ean xwe de behsa ge\u015fedan\u00ean metafiz\u00eek\u00ee y\u00ean di derbar\u00ea simulasyon \u00fb be\u015fdarb\u00fbn\u00ea de kiriye, ew raman\u00ean ku pi\u015ft\u00ee ku Aplaton p\u00ea re eleqedar dibe, belav \u00fb navdar b\u00fbne.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>F\u00eelozofeke Br\u00eetan\u00ee ye, l\u00ea li \u00cerlenda ji dayik b\u00fb ji ber ku bav\u00ea w\u00ea di art\u00ea\u015fa Br\u00eetaniya de b\u00fb \u00fb li wir kar dikir. li zan\u00eengeha Oxford\u00ea dixebit\u00ee. Anscombe li dibistana S\u00eednham ya nav\u00een xwendi \u00fb sala 1937`an der\u00e7\u00fb her wiha li Zan\u00eengeha St Hugh, Oxford, klas\u00eek \u00fb felsefe xwend, dema ku li wir b\u00fb ew bi Katol\u00eek\u00eezm\u00ea re eleqedar b\u00fb \u00fb di ciwantiya xwe b\u00fb Xiristiyan\u00ee.<\/p>\n<p>Di nav kar\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean mezin de pirt\u00fbka w\u00ea ( Intention), ew komeke ji kaxez\u00ean ku destn\u00ee\u015fan dike ka niyeta me \u00e7awa bandor\u00ea li helwesta me ya exlaq\u00ee dike.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Anne Dufourmantel<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>f\u00eelozofeke Frans\u00ee ye dema li zan\u00eengeh\u00ea dixwend dest bi riya xwe ya p\u00ee\u015fey\u00ee kir. Li zan\u00eengeha Brown li Fransa xwend \u00fb be\u015fa felsefey\u00ea qedand. Pi\u015ftre li zan\u00eengeha Sorbonne li Fransa xwendina xwe berdewam kir. Ps\u00eekoanal\u00eest li ser dest\u00ea Serge Leclerc xwend pa\u015f\u00ea j\u00ee b\u00fb ps\u00eekanalyst \u00fb di heman dem\u00ea de b\u00fb endam\u00ea Mid\u00fbriyeta ps\u00eekoanal\u00eet\u00eek a Freudian.<\/p>\n<p>W\u00ea ramana &#8220;Ewlehiy\u00ea&#8221; n\u00eeqa\u015f kir, ku xeterey\u00ea destn\u00ee\u015fan dike di heman dem\u00ea de di heb\u00fbna me de j\u00ee valahiyek dih\u00eale. W\u00ea ji bil\u00ee gelek ders\u00ean h\u00eaja, 30 pirt\u00fbk niv\u00eesandin.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Espazia xwediy\u00ea yekem\u00een salona (W\u00eajey\u00ee) ya navdar e li c\u00eehan\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Di derbar\u00ea jiyana \u201cIspazia\u201d pir nehatiye zan\u00een, l\u00ea t\u00ea gotin \u00eeht\u00eemal e ku mirina w\u00ea di sala 401 ber\u00ee zay\u00een\u00ea de ye, li At\u00eenay\u00ea dibistanek ji bo h\u00eenkirina retor\u00eek \u00fb felsefey\u00ea vekir, \u00fb dest bi te\u015fw\u00eeqkirina jinan kir da ku ji ten\u00eatiya xwe derkevin \u00fb bikevin c\u00eehana m\u00earan gelek jin \u00fb m\u00ear tevl\u00ee dibistana w\u00ea b\u00fbn \u00fb saloneke w\u00ea ya W\u00eajey\u00ee heb\u00fb ku kesayet\u00ean sereke y\u00ean At\u00eena t\u00ea de be\u015fdar dib\u00fbn.<\/p>\n<p>Espazia \u015fahban\u00fbya At\u00eenay\u00ea ya b\u00ea tac b\u00fb, ku ji salona xwe \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ean jiyana \u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee ya serhild\u00ear derdiket, ku jin j\u00ea f\u00ear\u00ee azadiya rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ee \u00fb exlaq\u00ee b\u00fbn, v\u00ea yek\u00ea hi\u015ft ku muhafezekar\u00ean li At\u00eenay\u00ea dest bi vegotinan \u00fb \u00e7\u00eerokan li ser w\u00ea \u00fb salona w\u00ea bikin.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Simone de Beauvoir<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Simone de Beauvoir, yek ji sembol\u00ean gir\u00eeng \u00ean tevger\u00ean azadiya jin\u00ea ye, ji bil\u00ee ku niv\u00eeskar \u00fb \u00e7alakvana rew\u015fenb\u00eer \u00fb siyas\u00ee ya Frans\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n<p>Simone de Beauvoir di 9`\u00ea \u00e7ileya pa\u015f\u00een sala 1908 de li Par\u00ees\u00ea ji dayik b\u00fb.<\/p>\n<p>Di sala 1925`an de ezm\u00fbm\u00ean xwe y\u00ean bakaloryos di war\u00ea felsefe \u00fb matemat\u00eek\u00ea de qedandiye \u00fb bawernameya di w\u00eajeya lat\u00een\u00ee \u00fb frans\u00ee de wergirtiye. Di sala 1926 de li Sorbonne felsefe xwend \u00fb di sala 1927`an de bawernameya Felsefeya Gi\u015ft\u00ee, D\u00eeroka Felsefey\u00ea \u00fb Mantiq\u00ea \u00a0Yewnan\u00ee wergirt. Pa\u015f\u00ea di sala 1928`an de di war\u00ea Ps\u00eekoloj\u00ee, Civaknas\u00ee \u00fb Ehlaq\u00ea de bawername wergirt. Ew jina nehem\u00een b\u00fb ku w\u00ea dem\u00ea ji Sorbonne bawername wergirtib\u00fb.<\/p>\n<p>Simone de Beauvoir di sala 1931-an de li L\u00eeceya Mars\u00eelyay\u00ea wek mamoste dest bi kar\u00ea xwe kir. Di 1932-an de ew \u00e7\u00fb Rouen da ku ders\u00ean edebiyata p\u00ea\u015fkeft\u00ee \u00fb felsefey\u00ea bide.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u00eeloz His\u00ean\/ Qami\u015flo Jin jiyane, jiyan j\u00ea destp\u00ea dike \u00fb gelek nif\u015f p\u00ea\u015fdikevin. Di serdem\u00ean c\u00fbda de \u00fb heta niha j\u00ee,\u00a0 jin ji bo ku xwe p\u00ea\u015f bixe rast\u00ee gelek tund\u00ee \u00fb zehmetiyan ji aliy\u00ea malbat \u00fb desthiladariy\u00ea ve hatiye, l\u00ea tev\u00ee w\u00ea j\u00ee jin kar\u00eeb\u00fbn heta asteke ba\u015f bigh\u00eajin armanc\u00ean xwe \u00fb bibin jin\u00ean [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":65568,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65567","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65567","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=65567"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65567\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":65569,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65567\/revisions\/65569"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/65568"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=65567"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=65567"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=65567"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}