{"id":224290,"date":"2025-05-21T08:32:52","date_gmt":"2025-05-21T06:32:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/?p=224290"},"modified":"2025-05-21T08:32:52","modified_gmt":"2025-05-21T06:32:52","slug":"pesenge-romana-kurdi-romannivis-erebe-semo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/?p=224290","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ea\u015feng\u00ea romana Kurd\u00ee; romanniv\u00ees Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hemza S\u00eavo\/ Qami\u015flo<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo di deriyaya w\u00eajeya Kurd\u00ee ya serdema 19\u2019an de yek ji navdartir\u00een w\u00eajevan\u00ean Kurd e. W\u00ee bi derxistina roman\u00ean xwe, bi taybet a \u015eivan\u00ea Kurmanca b\u00fbye p\u00ea\u015feng\u00ea romaniv\u00ees\u00ean Kurdan. Li nik v\u00ea sifeta nirxdar j\u00ee, niv\u00eeskar\u00ea Kurd Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo xizmeta \u00e7\u00eerok, \u015fano \u00fb \u00e7apemeniya Kurd\u00ee kiriye. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo di nav d\u00eeroka w\u00eajeya Kurd\u00ee de bi xebata xwe ya niv\u00eeskariy\u00ea tev\u00ee jiyana hejartiy\u00ea, b\u00fbye p\u00ea\u015feng \u00fb st\u00earkeke berz di romana Kurd\u00ee de. W\u00ee \u00e7av\u00ea xwe li jiyaneke hejar li ser xaka Kurdistan\u00ea vekiriye \u00fb heya dawiya jiyana xwe b\u00fbye kedkar\u00ea w\u00eajeya Kurd\u00ee, roman li p\u00ea\u015f xistiye, w\u00eaje \u00fb \u00e7anda Kurd\u00ee parastiye \u00fb n\u00fbjen kiriye. Herwiha di 21\u2019\u00ea Gulan\u00ea de gel\u00ea Kurd salvger\u00ean ko\u00e7kirina w\u00ee bi b\u00eer t\u00eenin.<\/p>\n

Jidayikb\u00fbn \u00fb xwendin<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ew di sala 1897\u2018an de li li gund\u00ea\u00a0Susuz\u00ea<\/a> y\u00ea li nav\u00e7eya Qers\u00ea ji dayik b\u00fbye (Qers\u00ea w\u00ea dem\u00ea di bin serweriya\"\" Impratoriya R\u00fbs\u00ee de b\u00fb). Ew ji malbateke \u015f\u00eax\u00ean \u00caz\u00eediyan b\u00fb. \u015eemo di sala 1913\u2018an de dema ku 16 sal\u00ee b\u00fb derbas\u00ee paletiy\u00ea dibe. Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo ji bil\u00ee ziman\u00ea Kurd\u00ee w\u00ee bi R\u00fbs\u00ee, Tirkiya Osman\u00ee, Y\u00fbnan\u00ee, Ermen\u00ee, Gurc\u00ee, Elman\u00ee, Azer\u00ee dizan\u00eeb\u00fb. Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo di bi\u00e7\u00fbkatiya xwe de per\u00ee\u015fan b\u00fb, lewma di dibistan\u00ean R\u00fbsan de wek xizmetkar dixebit\u00ee.\u00a0 Li w\u00ea dibistan\u00ea bi al\u00eekariya mamosteya dibistan\u00ea\u00a0h\u00een\u00ee niv\u00eesandin\u00ea dibe. Mamosteya dibistan\u00ea dib\u00eene ku \u015eemo gelek j\u00eahat\u00ee ye, w\u00ee derbas\u00ee dibistan\u00ea dike \u00fb Eeb\u00ea \u015eemo wiha dest bi perwerdeya xwe dike.<\/p>\n

Le\u015fker\u00ee \u00fb destp\u00eakirina xebata werger\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo jiyaneke zehmet derbas dike \u00fb gelek caran li mal\u00ean dewlemend\u00ean r\u00fbsan, ermenan \u00fb gel\u00ean din dixebite \u00fb ne\u00e7ar dim\u00eene ku ziman\u00ea wana h\u00een bibe. Lewma j\u00ee ji bil\u00ee ziman\u00ea Kurd\u00ee, ziman\u00ea R\u00fbs\u00ee, Ermen\u00ee,Trk\u00ee, Yewnan\u00ee, Azer\u00ee, Elman\u00ee \u00fb Gurc\u00eek\u00ee. Le\u015fker\u00ean r\u00fbs dema gund\u00ean Kurdan digerin rast\u00ee Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo t\u00ean \u00fb dib\u00een\u00een ku\u00a0 Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo\u00a0bi gelek zimanan dizane biaxive, lewra w\u00ee wek wergervan digirin nava art\u00ea\u015fa R\u00fbsiyay\u00ea. W\u00ea dem\u00ea kes\u00ean wisa pir k\u00eam b\u00fbn. Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo ji sala 1914\u2019an heya 1916\u2019an di arte\u015fa R\u00fbsan de xebata wergerandin\u00ea di navbera R\u00fbs \u00fb gel\u00ean din de dike.<\/p>\n

Elifbeya Kurd\u00ee Afirand <\/strong><\/p>\n

Kar\u00ea ku zimanzan\u00ea bi nav\u00ea \u2018Orbel\u00ee\u2019 di war\u00ea elfbeya Kurd\u00ee ya lat\u00een\u00ee dab\u00fb destp\u00eakirin ji 1925\u2019an \u00fb bi \u015f\u00fbn ve, \u00ead\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea Ishak Marogulov \u00fb Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo ve hat temamkirin \u00fb sala 1927\u2019an de hat p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirin. Dibe ku Margulov \u00fb \u015eemo ji bo w\u00ea xebat\u00ea bi hev re \u015f\u00eawirdar\u00ee kiribin, xebata wan ya hevpar ne li ser amadekirina alfabey\u00ea b\u00fbye, l\u00ea b\u00eatir li ser amadekirina pirt\u00fbkek\u00ea ders\u00ean xwendina Kurd\u00ee b\u00fb ku ji xwe \u00eeroj di ar\u015f\u00eevan de ew pirt\u00fbk dikare were peydakirin \u00fb nav\u00ea her duyan j\u00ee li ser e. Cerdoy\u00ea Genco y\u00ea berpirsiyar\u00ea rojnameya Rya Teze di gotara xwe ya pi\u015ft\u00ee mirina Marogulov de behsa serboriya xwe ya naskirina Marogulov dike \u00fb dib\u00eaje ku sala 1925\u2019an w\u00ee ew li Axbaran\u00ea nas kiriye \u00fb w\u00ea dem\u00ea Marogulov alfabeya Kurd\u00ee ya lat\u00een\u00ee n\u00ee\u015fan\u00ee wan daye \u00fb gotiye ku ev sih sal in ku ew li ser dixebite. Pi\u015ft\u00ee pejirandina ferm\u00ee ya alfabeya Marogulov ya 1929\u2019an gellek Kurd k\u00eafxwe\u015fiya xwe n\u00ee\u015fan dan. \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00eer\u00eaja roj\u00ea da romana Kurmanc\u00ee<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ew yekem\u00een romana kurd\u00ee ye ku sala 1930\u2019\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea Ishak Margulov ve hatiye \u00e7apkirin. Di sala 1935\u2019an de j\u00ee li Gurcistan\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea we\u015fanxaneya hikumet\u00ea ve hate \u00e7apkirin. Di roman\u00ea de jiyana civak\u00ee ya gel\u00ea Kurd \u00fb zehmetiy\u00ean civaka Kurd bi awayek\u00ee real\u00eest vedib\u00eaje. Ev berhem ji ber ku di romanniv\u00ees\u00eena Kurd\u00ee de yekem\u00een e di w\u00eajeya Kurd\u00ee de, bi taybet w\u00eajeya Kurmanc\u00ee. \u00c7end\u00een n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean cuda hebin li ser ziman, elifbeya ku p\u00ea hatiye niv\u00ees\u00een \u00fb naveroka w\u00ea, hem j\u00ee \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ea niv\u00ees\u00eena roman\u00ea, l\u00ea v\u00ea roman\u00ea di nava qada romana Kurmanc\u00ee de, \u015fore\u015feke w\u00eajey\u00ee ya romana Kurmanc\u00ee afrand. P\u00ea re j\u00ee Romana \u015eivan\u00ea Kurmanca b\u00fb p\u00ea\u015fenga romana Kurmanc\u00ee. Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo bi v\u00ea gav\u00ea, bandorek li gelek w\u00eajevanan kir ku ber\u00ea xwe bidin \u015fax\u00ea romana Kurd\u00ee, lewma pi\u015ft\u00ee w\u00ee gelek romanniv\u00ees\u00ean Kurd xwe berdan nav deriya roman\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Xebata Siyas\u00ee<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pi\u015ft\u00ee xebata art\u00ea\u015f\u00ea \u015eem\u00eelov di\u00e7e nav\u00e7eya Sariqami\u015f\u00ea \u00fb li w\u00ea der\u00ea di \u00e7\u00eakirina riya hesin\u00ee de du salan dixebite. Di nava xebatkaran de rast\u00ee\u00a0 gelek hevriy\u00ean Bol\u015fev\u00eekan t\u00ea \u00fb fikr\u00ean Bol\u015fev\u00eekan di dil\u00ea \u00a0w\u00ee de riyeke n\u00fb vedike \u00fb ew be\u015fdar\u00ee kar\u00ean wan y\u00ean siyas\u00ee \u00fb r\u00eaxistin\u00ee dibe. T\u00ea d\u00eetin ku Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo di sala 1918\u2019an de b\u00fb endamek\u00ea Partiya Bol\u015fev\u00eekan. Di kart\u00ea de Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo ni\u015ft\u00eemaniya xwe wek\u00ee Kurd niv\u00eesandiye. Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo di nava partiy\u00ea de gelek \u00e7alak dixebit\u00ee \u00fb car caran di \u015feran de b\u00eer\u00eendar j\u00ee b\u00fb, m\u00eenak li derdora Stavropol\u00ea ligel Gvardiya Sor be\u015fdar\u00ee \u015fer dibe. Du caran bir\u00eendar dikeve. Di sala 1918\u2019an de li nav\u00e7eya D\u00eegor\u00ea di nav Kurd\u00ean \u00eazid\u00ee de ji bo bol\u015fev\u00eekan xebatan dike. Di heman sal\u00ea de dibe endam\u00ea Partiya Kom\u00eenist a R\u00fbsyay\u00ea. Ew \u00e7end salan li Bak\u00fb, Moskova \u00fb Tibl\u00ees\u00ea ji bo komn\u00eestan berxwe dide.<\/p>\n

Riya Teze damezrand<\/strong><\/p>\n

Riya Teze yekem\u00een rojnameya Kurd\u00ee ye ku bi\u00a0t\u00eep\u00ean lat\u00een\u00ee<\/a>\u00a0li Yer\u00eevan\u00ea ji h\u00eala Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo \u00fb Ishak Morgoluv ve hatiye damezrandin. Riya Teze\u00a0di\u00a01\u2019\u00ea N\u00eesana<\/a>\u00a0sala\u00a01930\u2019\u00ee<\/a>\u00a0de\u00a0bi alfabeya kurd\u00ee ya\u00a0\u015eemo-Marog\u00fblov<\/a> dest bi we\u015fana xwe kir Riya Teze\u00a0beriya Kovara\u00a0Hawar<\/a>\u00a0dest bi we\u015fana Kurd\u00ee bi t\u00eep\u00ean lat\u00een\u00ee kir \u00fb rojnama Kurd\u00ee ya her\u00ee j\u00eeyandir\u00eaj e li c\u00eehan\u00ea t\u00ea hesbandin. Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo j\u00ee bi riya v\u00ea rojnamey\u00ea, roleke gir\u00eeng \u00fb berbi\u00e7av di war\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fxistina w\u00eaje, \u00e7and \u00fb folklora Kurd\u00ee de, l\u00eest, herwiha r\u00ea li p\u00ea\u015fiya xebata rojnamegeriya Kurd\u00ee ron\u00ee kir.<\/p>\n

Sirg\u00fbniya Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sala 1937\u2019an de Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo li P\u00eatrogirad\u00ea (L\u00ean\u00eengirade) hate girtin \u00fb sirg\u00fbn\u00ee S\u00eeb\u00eeryay\u00ea kirin. Pi\u015ft\u00ee 20\u00a0sal\u00ean zehmet, d\u00fbr \u00fb dir\u00eaj, bi taybet pi\u015ft\u00ee mirina Stal\u00een di sala 1956\u2019an de, hat ef\u00fbkirin. Ji wir vedigere Ermenistan\u00ea. D\u00eesa dest bi jiyana xwe ya siyas\u00ee, civak\u00ee \u00fb efrindariy\u00ea dike. Ji ber ku sal\u00ea sirg\u00fbniy\u00ea d\u00fbr\u00ee xebata n\u00eaz\u00ee dil\u00ea xwe ketib\u00fb, \u00ead\u00ee li veger\u00ea \u015fev \u00fb roj dixebit\u00ee ku w\u00ea valahiy\u00ea tije bike. Mala w\u00ee nava bajar\u00ea Y\u00ear\u00eavan\u00ea b\u00fb. Heta niha j\u00ee li ser d\u00eewar\u00ea w\u00ee, ji bo hurmet \u00fb b\u00eeran\u00eena niv\u00eeskar\u00ea mezin kevirek\u00ee gulover\u00ee bedew l\u00ea xistine \u00fb li ser bi ziman\u00ea R\u00fbs\u00ee niv\u00eesandiye: \u201cDi v\u00ea mal\u00ea de ji sala 1963\u2019an heta 1978\u2019an niv\u00eeskar\u00ea Kurd \u00fb xebatkar\u00ea civak\u00ee Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo, \u015eam\u00eelov jiyaye.\u201d<\/p>\n

Mirina Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo<\/strong><\/p>\n

Di 21\u2019\u00ea Gulana sala 1987\u2019an de niv\u00eeskar Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo xatir\u00ea xwe ji c\u00eehan\u00ea \u00fb milet\u00ea Kurd\u00ee xwest \u00fb ko\u00e7a daw\u00ee kir. Pi\u015ft\u00ee mirina w\u00ee endam\u00ea Niv\u00eeskar\u00ean Yek\u00eetiya Ermenistan\u00ea G.B Garibcanyan wisa got: \u201cEreb \u015eam\u00eelov dengb\u00eaj\u00ea cimata Ermen\u00ee \u00fb Kurdan b\u00fb, ruh\u00ea w\u00ee ji k\u00fbrahiya Ermenistan\u00ea hatib\u00fb.\u201d<\/p>\n

Berhem\u00ean Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo bi bav\u00ea romana Kurd\u00ee t\u00ea naskirin lewma w\u00ee 5 roman derxistine, ya yekem \u015eivan\u00ea Kurmanca, di sala 1930\u2019\u00ee de \u00e7ap kiriye. Li k\u00ealeka \u015eivan\u00ea Kurmanca w\u00ee romana Dimdim, di sala 1966\u2019an de \u00e7ap kiriye, Jiyana Bextewar 1959\u2019an de \u00e7ap kiriye, romana Hopo di sala 1969\u2019an de \u00fb Berbang di sala 1958\u2019an de \u00e7ap kiriye. Di heman dem\u00ea de bi nav\u00ea \u2018Ko\u00e7ek\u00ea Derew\u00een\u2019 di sala 1930\u2019\u00ee de \u015fanoyek j\u00ee niv\u00eesiye. Herwiha du \u00e7\u00eero bi nav\u00ea \u2018Hikayet\u00ean Gel\u00ea Kurd(1967) \u00fb Kurd\u00ean Elegez\u00ea(1936)niv\u00eesandine. Herwiha gelek gotar niv\u00eesandine, m\u00eena Pirsa Derheqa Feodalizm\u00ea Nava Kurda da, Ter\u00eeqa R\u00eavol\u00fbsiya Oktyabr\u00ea \u00fb hwd\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hemza S\u00eavo\/ Qami\u015flo Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo di deriyaya w\u00eajeya Kurd\u00ee ya serdema 19\u2019an de yek ji navdartir\u00een w\u00eajevan\u00ean Kurd e. W\u00ee bi derxistina roman\u00ean xwe, bi taybet a \u015eivan\u00ea Kurmanca b\u00fbye p\u00ea\u015feng\u00ea romaniv\u00ees\u00ean Kurdan. Li nik v\u00ea sifeta nirxdar j\u00ee, niv\u00eeskar\u00ea Kurd Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo xizmeta \u00e7\u00eerok, \u015fano \u00fb \u00e7apemeniya Kurd\u00ee kiriye. Ereb\u00ea \u015eemo di nav d\u00eeroka […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":224291,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[230],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-224290","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cand-u-huner"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/224290","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=224290"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/224290\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":224293,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/224290\/revisions\/224293"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/224291"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=224290"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=224290"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=224290"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}