{"id":222311,"date":"2025-03-24T11:08:31","date_gmt":"2025-03-24T09:08:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/?p=222311"},"modified":"2025-03-24T12:53:30","modified_gmt":"2025-03-24T10:53:30","slug":"sosyalizm-u-kapitalizm-1-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/?p=222311","title":{"rendered":"Sosyal\u00eezm \u00fb Kap\u00eetal\u00eezm…(1)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ji raman\u00ea R\u00eaber Apo<\/strong><\/p>\n

Li dij\u00ee ferdperestiya ku modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest li ser civak\u00ea ferz dike, parastina civakb\u00fbn\u00ea \u00fb t\u00eakil\u00eedan\u00eena w\u00ea bi daxwaz\u00ean azad\u00ee \u00fb wekheviy\u00ea re \u00eedeal\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean utopya sosyal\u00eezma klas\u00eek in. Hesreta ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea ya ji bo civak, azad\u00ee \u00fb wekheviy\u00ea bi hegemon\u00eekb\u00fbna kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea re dijwartir b\u00fbye. Her ku hegemonya \u00eedeoloj\u00eek a l\u00eeberal bi p\u00ea\u015f ket, utopyay\u00ean civak\u00ee j\u00ee ketin bin bandora zanist\u00ean p\u00ea\u015f diketin \u00fb xwe sosyal\u00eest \u00eelan kirin. Di serdema n\u00fb de hegemonya s\u00eestema \u015faristaniya navend\u00ee dest guhert \u00fb ev di encama t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena dir\u00eaj a bajarb\u00fbna Ewr\u00fbpaya Rojava de p\u00eak hat. Hegemonya \u015faristaniy\u00ea ya welat\u00ean \u00ceslam\u00ee, \u00c7\u00een \u00fb Hindistan\u00ea di dest\u00ea xwe de digirtin bi awayek\u00ee bingeh\u00een di sedsala 16. de destp\u00ea kir, bi lez dest guhert. \u00c7anda baj\u00ear a Ewr\u00fbpaya Rojava bi awayek\u00ee serket\u00ee \u00e7anda navend\u00ean \u015faristaniy\u00ea kir mal\u00ea xwe \u00fb di destguhertina hegemonyay\u00ea de ev yek bi rola sereke radibe.<\/p>\n

\u00c7awa ku t\u00ea zan\u00een, \u015faristaniya Ewr\u00fbpaya Rojava ne bi \u00e7anda Xiristiyantiy\u00ea \u00fb h\u00eaza w\u00ea ya \u00e7areserker, l\u00ea ji ber ku nikar\u00eeb\u00fb bersiv\u00ea bide p\u00eadiviy\u00ean jiyana bajar\u00ea n\u00fb, li \u00e7and\u00ean n\u00fb geriyaye. Xiristiyant\u00ee li hember\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean sedsala 16. bi ten\u00ea bi reform\u00ea dikar\u00eeb\u00fb xwe dewam bikira. Reforma di d\u00een de gelek\u00ee k\u00eam dikar\u00eeb\u00fb bersiva p\u00eadiviy\u00ean \u00e7and\u00ee y\u00ean \u015faristaniya bajar\u00ea n\u00fb bidaya. Neteweb\u00fby\u00eena d\u00ear\u00ea bi xwe ji dil neb\u00fb, guhertineke \u015f\u00eawey\u00ee b\u00fb. \u00c7avkaniy\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean ku p\u00eadiviya \u00e7and\u00ea p\u00ea heb\u00fb, \u00ceslama Rojhilata Nav\u00een, \u015faristaniy\u00ean \u00c7\u00een \u00fb Hindistan\u00ea b\u00fbn. Veguhestin\u00ean ji van navendan, di dawiya sedsala 18. de bi \u015fore\u015f\u00ean pol\u00eet\u00eek \u00fb civak\u00ee y\u00ean Frans\u00ee \u00fb ekonomiya Ingil\u00eez bi encam b\u00fbne. Hemin bandora gelek faktor\u00ean din j\u00ee di v\u00ea yek\u00ea de hene. Her\u00e7iqas\u00ee ke\u015fif \u00fb ved\u00eetinan r\u00ea li ber n\u00fbtiy\u00ea vekiribin j\u00ee di tehl\u00eela daw\u00ee de e\u015fkere b\u00fb, eger ji navend\u00ean \u015faristaniy\u00ea veguhestina \u00e7and\u00ee neb\u00fbya, destguhertina hegemonyay\u00ea j\u00ee ne p\u00eakan b\u00fb. B\u00eaguman ji Ewr\u00fbpay\u00ea hat ku bi tevger\u00ean Ronesans, Reform \u00fb Rohn\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea sentez \u00fb n\u00fbb\u00fbneke mezin p\u00eak b\u00eene. Em di dem\u00ean ber\u00ea y\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ea de tevger\u00ean bi v\u00ee away\u00ee li Kevana Bi Bereket, Mezopotamya J\u00ear, Rojhilat\u00ea Derya Sp\u00ee \u00fb perav\u00ean Egey\u00ea dib\u00eenin. Ya rast\u00ee, s\u00eestema \u015faristaniya navend\u00ee ya bi r\u00eaz\u00ea li van navend\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ee p\u00eak hatiye, weke xeleka mezin a daw\u00ee li perav\u00ean Ewr\u00fbpaya Rojava reh\u00ean xwe berdane. Di v\u00ea de \u015faristaniy\u00ean baj\u00ear \u00ean \u00cetalyay\u00ea bi roleke diyarker rab\u00fbne.\"\"<\/p>\n

Di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya mijara me de gir\u00eengiya v\u00ea \u015faristaniya n\u00fb, ango modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ew e, parad\u00eegma n\u00fb ya zanist\u00ee kiriye bin hegemonya xwe. Zanista n\u00fb ya pragmat\u00eek a li \u015f\u00fbna d\u00een, heta li \u015f\u00fbna z\u00eahniyeta bi koka xwe felsef\u00ee hat dan\u00een, b\u00fb nirxeke payeberz \u00fb h\u00eaja. \u015eore\u015fa zanist\u00ee ya di dawiya sedsala 18. de li zan\u00eengehan bi p\u00ea\u015f ket, \u015fore\u015f\u00ean din \u00ean pol\u00eet\u00eek, civak\u00ee \u00fb ekonom\u00eek temam kirin. Zanist\u00ean fizik\u00ee y\u00ean bi ceribandin\u00ea \u00fb zanist\u00ean t\u00eakiliya xwe bi xwezaya civak\u00ee re bi awayek\u00ee bingeh\u00een ji hev cih\u00ea kirin. Di nava wan bi xwe de j\u00ee gelek qad\u00ean pisporiy\u00ea \u00fb \u015fax\u00ean zanist\u00ee p\u00eakan\u00een. Hegemonya \u00eedeoloj\u00eek a l\u00eeberal z\u00eade dereng nema mohra xwe li zanista civak\u00ee xist. Encam\u00ean er\u00ean\u00ee y\u00ean \u015fore\u015fan di bin yekdestdariya xwe de ked\u00ee kir \u00fb bi berjewendiy\u00ea xwe re kir ahengek\u00ea. Utopya sosyal\u00eest ber bi n\u00eev\u00ea sedsala 19. ve bi p\u00ea\u015fengiya K. Marks \u00fb F. Engels xwe weke sosyal\u00eezma zanist\u00ee e\u015fkere kir \u00fb ev bi bandora zanistperestiya l\u00eeberal\u00eezm\u00ea p\u00eak hat. Jixwe K. Marks \u00fb F. Engels e\u015fkere an\u00een ziman ku sosyal\u00eezma wan a zanist\u00ee sentezeke felsefeya Elman, pol\u00eet\u00eeka ekonomiya Ingil\u00eez \u00fb sosyal\u00eezma Fransey\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n

Tev\u00ee \u00eedeaya w\u00ea ya zanist\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea \u00fb rexnegiriya w\u00ea hem\u00fby\u00ee, di ser\u00ee de sosyal\u00eezm\u00ean p\u00eakhat\u00ee y\u00ean R\u00fbsya \u00fb \u00c7\u00een\u00ea di gelek ezm\u00fbn \u00fb ceribandinan de hat d\u00eetin ku ji sosyal\u00eezma zanist\u00ee bi temam\u00ee nehatiye ji avahiy\u00ean \u00e7anda madd\u00ee ya modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest (saziy\u00ean ekonom\u00eek, civak\u00ee \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eek), ji z\u00eahniyet \u00fb c\u00eehana w\u00ea ya zanist\u00ee bibihure. Kes nikare \u00eedd\u00eea bike ku \u015fore\u015f\u00ean sosyal\u00eest bi temam\u00ee t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbne, \u00fb hatine p\u00fb\u00e7kirin. \u015eore\u015f\u00ean em behsa wan dikin m\u00eerateyeke mezin li pey xwe hi\u015ftin \u00fb kes nikare \u00eenkar bike ku h\u00ea j\u00ee di jiyana rojane de h\u00eamanek in ku dest ji wan nabe \u00fb h\u00eaza her\u00ee z\u00eade bi h\u00eav\u00ee ya c\u00eehana z\u00eahniyet\u00ea ne. L\u00ea nikar\u00eeb\u00fbn cih\u00eawaziya \u015faristaniya alternat\u00eef \u00fb modern\u00eetey\u00ea mezin \u00fb xurt bikin. Di nava modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest de bi giran\u00ee heliyan \u00fb nikar\u00eeb\u00fbn xwe ji v\u00ea aq\u00fbbet\u00ea rizgar bikin. Ev rast\u00ee ne qeder \u00fb \u00e7aren\u00fbs b\u00fb, \u00eero t\u00eara xwe e\u015fkere b\u00fbye ku bi wan pirsgir\u00eakan re t\u00eakildar e, ku sosyal\u00eezma dema kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea nikar\u00eeb\u00fb \u00e7areser bike.\"\"<\/p>\n

Bi destp\u00eaka p\u00ee\u015fesaziya kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea re guft\u00fbgoy\u00ean der bar\u00ea civak\u00ea de gir\u00eeng in. Di v\u00ea dem\u00ea de hewl didin utopyay\u00ean sosyal\u00eest li ser bingehek\u00ee zanist\u00ee \u00fb xeteke \u00e7alakiy\u00ea deynin. L\u00ea di bin\u00ea hem\u00fbyan de fikra Rohn\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea heye ku ji bin\u00ee ve ji rabihuriy\u00ea qut b\u00fbye. Fikra Rohn\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee diyalekt\u00eek\u00ee ji rabihuriy\u00ea nebihuriye, ji rabihuriy\u00ea ji bin\u00ee ve qut b\u00fbye, lewma bi xurt\u00ee tes\u00eer kiriye li p\u00eavajoya dused sal\u00ean pa\u015f\u00ea. Bi awayek\u00ee rahi\u015ftine diyardeyan m\u00eena ku ji n\u00fb ve t\u00eane avakirin, ti t\u00eakiliya wan bi rabihuriy\u00ea \u00fb r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea re tineye. \u00db heta her ti\u015ft\u00ea bi rabihuriy\u00ea re t\u00eakiliya xwe heye b\u00fbye mijara nirxandin\u00ean negat\u00eef. Her\u00e7iqas\u00ee mirov li gor\u00ee parad\u00eegmaya n\u00fb v\u00ea helwest\u00ea f\u00eahm bike j\u00ee e\u015fkere ye ku w\u00ea rastiya civak\u00ee berevaj\u00ee bike \u00fb n\u00ee\u015fan bide. B\u00eaguman kapas\u00eeteya heq\u00eeqet\u00ea ya fikra Rohn\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea bi gelek aliy\u00ean xwe (ne bi temam\u00ee) di ser serdem\u00ean beriya xwe re ye. Eger wisa neb\u00fbya, jixwe nikar\u00eeb\u00fb serdema n\u00fb biafir\u00eene. L\u00ea wexta em dib\u00eajin wisa b\u00fb, nay\u00ea w\u00ea maney\u00ea ku bi temam\u00ee heq\u00eeqet\u00ea di nava xwe de dihew\u00eene. L\u00ea \u00eedeaya tevahiya p\u00ea\u015fiy\u00ean w\u00ea bi v\u00ee away\u00ee b\u00fb. \u00c7avkaniya pirsgir\u00eakan j\u00ee ev \u00eedea ne. Mirov dikare Hegel weke f\u00eelozof\u00ea mezin \u00ea fikra Rohn\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea, y\u00ea ku ew kiriye ber rev\u00eezyon\u00ea bide naskirin. D\u00eeroka civak\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee heq\u00ea w\u00ea bide, felsefeya zanist\u00ee j\u00ee bi h\u00eazeke ku h\u00ea kes nikaribe j\u00ea bibihure (ji aliyek\u00ee ve) daniye hol\u00ea.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Marks \u00ea ji Hegel girtiye, yeq\u00een kiriye ku w\u00ea karibe bi materyal\u00eezm\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea bi h\u00eaz \u00fb z\u00eade \u00eedeal\u00eest \u00ea felsefeya Hegel bibihure \u00fb di v\u00ea de j\u00ee t\u00eak\u00fbz tevgeriyaye. Li vir a pirsgir\u00eak ew e, ji hev cih\u00eakirina \u00eedeal\u00eezm \u00fb materyal\u00eezm\u00ea z\u00eade ne gir\u00eeng e, ji ber ku ne hatiye f\u00eahmkirin, herdu j\u00ee bi xwe xwed\u00ee xislet\u00ean metafiz\u00eeka \u00eedeal\u00eest in. Yeq\u00een kirine ku du felsefey\u00ea dijber in. Li vir, Marks ji Hegel z\u00eadetir ji xeta Rohn\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea bi tes\u00eer b\u00fbye. Marks, rabihur\u00ee ji bihur\u00een\u00ea j\u00ee w\u00eadetir b\u00eahukim hesibandiye yan j\u00ee ew weke ku bi ten\u00ea siya b\u00fbyerek\u00ea, ya d\u00eemenek\u00ee be nirxandiye. Nikar\u00eeb\u00fbye \u00eedrak \u00fb f\u00eahm bike ku rabihur\u00ee bi tevah\u00ee giraniya xwe \u2018niha\u2019 ye. Di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de bi qas\u00ee Hegel bi gur\u00e7\u00fbp\u00ea\u00e7 n\u00eene. Mirov dikare bib\u00eaje, di sal\u00ean daw\u00ee y\u00ean temen\u00ea xwe de (1880-1883) li v\u00ea k\u00eaman\u00ee \u00fb \u015fa\u015fiy\u00ea hayil b\u00fbye, hem li gir\u00eengiya diyardeya dewlet\u00ea ya joravah\u00ee ye, hem j\u00ee li gir\u00eengiya civaka komin\u00ee ya ber\u00ea hayil b\u00fbye. Eleqeya w\u00ee ji bo civaka Rojhilat z\u00eade b\u00fbye. Di fikra xwe de hin al\u00ee sererast kirine. L\u00ea bel\u00ea xeta Rohn\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea di tevahiya d\u00eeroka sosyal\u00eezma p\u00eakhat\u00ee de serwer\u00ee Marks\u00eezm\u00ea b\u00fbye. \u015ea\u015fiya bingeh\u00een a w\u00ea dem\u00ea ev e: Bawer kirine ku ji civaka kap\u00eetal\u00eest bibihurin ango bi temam\u00ee di ser kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea re derbas bibin w\u00ea karibin civaka n\u00fb yan j\u00ee komin\u00eezm\u00ea p\u00eak b\u00eenin \u00fb heta di asta zanist\u00ee de ev yek weke \u2018sosyal\u00eezma zanist\u00ee\u2019 bi nav \u00fb nirx kirine.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ji raman\u00ea R\u00eaber Apo Li dij\u00ee ferdperestiya ku modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest li ser civak\u00ea ferz dike, parastina civakb\u00fbn\u00ea \u00fb t\u00eakil\u00eedan\u00eena w\u00ea bi daxwaz\u00ean azad\u00ee \u00fb wekheviy\u00ea re \u00eedeal\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean utopya sosyal\u00eezma klas\u00eek in. Hesreta ji r\u00ea\u00fbresm\u00ea ya ji bo civak, azad\u00ee \u00fb wekheviy\u00ea bi hegemon\u00eekb\u00fbna kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea re dijwartir b\u00fbye. Her ku hegemonya \u00eedeoloj\u00eek a l\u00eeberal […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":222312,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[231],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-222311","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-polotika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222311","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=222311"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222311\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":222319,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222311\/revisions\/222319"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/222312"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=222311"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=222311"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ronahi.net\/ku\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=222311"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}